The risk is under control. Risk under control Organization of accounting, control and operational regulation of the sewing workshop
The Norilsk Nickel company is one of the world leaders in non-ferrous metallurgy. And this leadership is achieved through the efforts of the entire 79,000-strong team, whose members work mainly in the harsh conditions of the Far North.
All areas are visible from the control room of the Skalisty mine of the Norilsk Nickel Polar Division. Photo: Press Service of the Norilsk Nickel Company
That is why the company strives for leadership in the field of labor protection and industrial safety. The correctness of the chosen strategy is confirmed by the facts: today the LTIFR at Norilsk Nickel is one of the lowest in the industry.
The principle of prioritizing the life and health of Norilsk Nickel employees is the core of the company's social policy. Nornickel officially supports the 10 principles of the UN Global Compact, which regulate the observance of human rights and working conditions. Since 2003, the company - one of the first in Russia - began to voluntarily publish social reports, in which it tells in detail, among other things, the policy in the field of occupational health and safety (OSH).
To improve industrial safety, the company uses various solutions, including technological ones. In particular, Norilsk Nickel has implemented the Radio Communication and Positioning System project at all of its mines. The system allows you to determine the exact location of the people working in the mines. To do this, Norilsk Nickel had to actually "digitize the mountain" - to lay kilometers of fiber-optic network underground, install Wi-Fi - a wireless data transmission system, and install video cameras everywhere (underground).
"All miners descending into the mine have a flashlight and a battery in which an RFID tag is installed. The tag is read by special devices that are located along the employee's route," he said Technical Director of the "Technological Breakthrough" program Vladimir Trapezin. Workers also have radios to communicate with each other underground and mobile phones.
Similar devices are installed on underground mining equipment and, in addition to performing location tasks, allow you to regulate underground traffic. Thanks to the developed system "Antinayzd", the driver of the underground transport receives information in advance that there are people or equipment on the way. This avoids potential accidents.
Video surveillance organized underground allows the dispatcher to receive complete information about what is happening underground. "A system has been created to transmit an almost unlimited amount of information from the surface to the ground and back," says Trapezin. Information is displayed on a graphical interface in the form of a simplified mine map in real time.
To improve industrial safety, the company uses various solutions, including technological
Another "underground" solution for creating safe environment labor - implementation new technology fastening of mine workings, which can significantly increase the level of labor safety and speed up tunneling work. The support, made of a metal anchor and fast-hardening polyester resin, creates a reinforced layer that resists rock pressure, which reliably protects people and equipment.
Now the technology of supporting mine workings is being introduced at the Taimyrsky and Komsomolsky mines of the Norilsk Nickel Polar Division. By 2020, the technology will be introduced at all mining divisions of the Polar Division. The company's total investment in the project will amount to more than 2.1 billion rubles.
In 2017, as evidenced by the company's social report, the costs of Norilsk Nickel for labor protection measures in 2017 amounted to 8.7 billion rubles, the cost per employee - 114 thousand rubles. Only for the purchase of personal protective equipment - respirators, gas masks, glasses with light filters, special suits and much more - Norilsk Nickel in 2017 sent 2.6 billion rubles.
Another resource the company uses is educational. In 2017, 39.1 thousand employees underwent pre-certification training, training and certification in the field of industrial safety and labor protection. The company's expenses for training in industrial safety and labor protection amounted to 129.9 million rubles.
RUB 114 thousand costs of the company for labor protection per employee in 2017
The company also uses innovative approaches to improve the efficiency of material delivery. In addition to the sources of information that have already become familiar - videos, screensavers on monitors, creeping lines, mobile structures, video information systems, etc. - the company also uses digital technologies.
“For educational purposes, we use VR technology of augmented reality. Virtual reality glasses allow simulating the consequences of safety violations,” explains Alexei Manikhin, head of the Norilsk Nickel Digital Laboratory. -delivery vehicle, which moves in the underground tunnels of the mines. This is a huge machine, it rumbles and drowns out other sounds. A person wearing VR-glasses sees and feels what the operator sitting in the cab sees. you can hear people trapped in the "blind" zone of the loading equipment.
Virtual reality glasses simulate the consequences of safety violations
After such a session, people have an imprint in their minds: when a car appears, be doubly careful - if you see a car, this does not mean that its driver sees you.
Since 2014, an annual independent assessment of the culture of safe production has been carried out at the main enterprises of the Norilsk Nickel Group. It helps determine in which direction the company should move for further improvement. corporate system management in the field of labor protection and risk reduction of injuries. In 2017, at the company's enterprises within the framework of the projects "Risk control" and "Implementation of a management system for technological and organizational changes"passed numerous internal audits.
The effectiveness of the occupational safety policy pursued by Norilsk Nickel is confirmed by figures. Lost Time Injury Ratio - LTIFR - at Norilsk Nickel today is one of the lowest in the industry. In 2016, LTIFR in relation to 2013 decreased by half - to 0.3. In turn, the Bradley Safety Culture Index increased from 1.4 in 2014 to 2.6 in 2017.
As Vladimir Potanin, President of Norilsk Nickel, noted earlier, the company's success in terms of employee safety is obvious. However, despite the steady dynamics, which shows a decrease in industrial injuries, the company's management "closely monitors the situation and contributes to the achievement of the only correct goal - zero injuries."
Sewing lesson.
Class 10.
Labor training teacher Deinekina I.A.
Topic: Manufacturing of products with step-by-step division of labor.
Goals:
Continue acquaintance with the structure and organization of the work of the shops of the garment factory, with the professions garment production... Consolidation of knowledge and skills in the manufacture of pillowcases.
Didactic material:
Visual aids, handouts, instructional and technological maps, step by step - technological maps with samples, cards.
Sewing machines, scissors, threads, fabric, cut details, semi-finished products - the groundwork.
Progress:
I Org moment
Attendance control.
II Repetition
What types of production are there?
What enterprises carry out mass tailoring of products?
What enterprises are engaged in the individual production of clothing?
Let's remember what workshops are there at a garment factory? (card number 1) Self-assessment.
Using sketches, draw up the sequence of the process of making clothes at a sewing enterprise, and name the workshop.
Let's remember what kind of specialists work in these workshops.
Your task is to choose those specialties that correspond to the given workshop. (card number 2) Self-assessment.
III Conversation on the work ahead
Today we have to stop at the work of the experimental and sewing shops.
When fulfilling a specific order, technical documentation for a specific model is drawn up.
Imagine that an artist has drawn a sketch of a model (in this case, a pillowcase with a valve)
Your task, as a technologist, is as follows: using a model sketch to compose technical documentation: determine the size, fabric for sewing, processing. (card number 3) Self-assessment.
now we have technical description for a specific model.
Since we will make a product with an operational division of labor (and this is how products are sewn at the factory), it is necessary to divide the stages of manufacturing the product into operations.
To do this, we will draw up a work plan for sewing a pillowcase.
Your task: To restore the sequence of processing of the pillowcase with a valve. (card number 4) Self-assessment.
Distribution of operations (M., R., U)
Study of instructional and technological maps
IV Practical work
Induction training.
Before starting work, we must:
Organize each one their own workplace.
Repeat TB at a specific workplace.
Exercise:
With the help of instructional technological map perform a specific operation.
Self-control. Mutual control.
Current briefing. Quality control.
M . Hem seam with closed cut.
1. The hem is 1 cm wide.
2. The stitching is done at a distance of 1-2 mm from the edge.
R . 1. The length of the valve is 25 cm.
2. Parts are folded right side up.
M. Double seam.
Joint width 7 mm.
The stitching is straight along the entire length of the seam.
Bartack is done at the beginning and at the end of the line, no more than 1 cm.
Have... Wet-heat treatment is done with high quality.
R. The pillowcase is folded according to the standard.
Final briefing.
What are accounting cards for?
What is recorded in them?
Report of the foreman on the amount of work done and how high-quality, was there a marriage in the work?
Sample analysis.
Analysis of the mistakes made.
VI Summing up.
Assessment of work.
G (O) S (K) OU S (K) O boarding school YIII type No. 3
on the subject of USP "SEWING BUSINESS" on the topic: “Practical repetition. Production of an apron with a bib with operational division of labor ",
held in 11 "A" class.
Teacher: Deinekina I.A.
14.02.2009
Topic: Practical review. Production of an apron with a bib with operational division of labor
Goals:
Continue acquaintance with the organization of work of the sewing shop of the factory.
Consolidation of knowledge and skills in the manufacture of an apron with a bib.
The development of analytical and synthetic activity of students based on exercises in composing the whole as a way of developing logical thinking.
Fostering motivation for learning through self-esteem, independence and a sense of responsibility for the assigned work to the team, the ability to work in a team.
Didactic material:
Visual aids, product sample, instructional - technological map, operational - technological maps with samples, cards.
Tools and accessories:
Sewing machines, scissors, threads, fabric, cut details, semi-finished products - the groundwork.
Progress:
I Org moment
Attendance control.
Checking work clothes and readiness for the lesson
II Repetition
1. Card number 1.
Exercise. Sign the name of the bib apron cut details.
Self-esteem.
2.Card number 2
Exercise. Restore the sequence of making an apron with a bib. Self-esteem.
3. What types of work are there? Self-esteem.
4. Let's remember what operations you performed in the manufacture of the apron?
5. Let us recall the terminology of machine, hand-held and ironing equipment and their correspondence to a specific operation.
6. What seams were used when sewing an apron?
Choose from the presented seams. Self-esteem.
7. Give a report on the upcoming work of the unit-by-unit processing of the apron with a bib.
IV Practical work
Induction training.
TB during the work of a specific operation.
Organization of the workplace.
What problems can occur as a result of using the sewing machine?
Exercise:
Perform a specific operation using the instructional flow chart.
Current briefing.
Pay special attention to the location of the control mark .
Self-control.
Final briefing.
Report of the foreman on the quality and quantity of the work done.
Was there a marriage at work?
V Analysis of the work performed.
Sample analysis.
Comparison, analysis of the mistakes made.
VI Summing up. Grade.
Product. Pillowcase with flap.
Theoretical information. Linen fabric: workmanship, properties (ability to absorb moisture and allow air to pass through), relation to water and heat. Linen fabric ironing rules. Weaving production (general presentation). Professions.
Operational division of labor when sewing a product. The need to control the correctness of the previous operations. The seams used in the factory sewing of the linen product.
Laboratory work. Study of the properties of linen fabric.
Practical work. Processing a cross-section with a hem seam with a closed cut (seam width up to 1 cm). Valve length markings. Folding the cut for processing side sections with a double stitch (or one of the stitches used in production) simultaneously with the flap. Turning out, ironing and folding according to the product standard.
Processing of the neckline with a tailored stitching on a finished cut. (according to the training groups according to V.V. Voronkova). (It is carried out according to the finished cut.)
Purpose: To know the details and cuts of the nightgown, to be able to process the neckline with a cut trim.
II quarter
Introductory lesson
Work plan for a quarter. Rules for safe work with tools and equipment.
Weaving concept
Theoretical information. Weaving production. General understanding of the profession.
Practical work. Execution of plain, satin, twill weaves from strips of paper. Match the weave to the corresponding fabric.
Duvet cover frame trimming
Product. Duvet cover.
Theoretical information. Duvet cover, purpose, standard sizes, fabrics for sewing, name of parts and cuts, seams for processing and joining parts. Duvet cover ironing.
The exercise. Edging of the duvet cover frame on the sample. (The hem is cut from the lunge of the fabric. The outer edge of the hem can be finished with lace or sewing).
Brigade method of sewing bed linen
Products. Pillowcase, sheet, duvet cover with operational division of labor.
Theoretical information. The main standard sizes pillowcases, sheets and duvet covers. Fabrics for sewing bed linen. Operational division of labor when sewing bed linen. Sewing quality. Technical requirements to finished products.
Skill. Work by the brigade method. Self-control of the quality of work.
Laboratory work. Study of the properties of linen and cotton fabrics.
Practical work. Open the product. Sewing products using the brigade method. Quality control of operations and finished products. Ironing and folding products.
Construction of a drawing, making a pattern and cutting out a belt underwear
Product. Pajama pants.
Theoretical information. Pajamas: purpose, fabrics for sewing. Measurements for building a drawing of pajama pants. Name of product parts and contour cuts. Features of cutting paired parts. Calculation of tissue consumption.
Practical work. Taking measurements from yourself, building a drawing of a pattern. Checking, cutting, laying out patterns on the fabric. Cut out paired parts.
Topic: "Sewing pillowcases with operational division of labor."Goals: - to familiarize students with the operational division of labor, techniques for performing sewing;
Learn to draw up a work plan and work on it, compare the speed and quality of sewing with the individual and operational performance of sewing a product;
Develop the ability to listen, highlight the main thing, analyze, generalize, compare,
Correct and develop visual and auditory memory, coherent speech;
To form and develop a conscious attitude and interest in learning, work;
To cultivate perseverance, accuracy, organization, hard work, discipline, confidence in their actions.
Equipment: a plan for sewing a pillowcase, cut details, a collection of fabrics, vocabulary work, needles, scissors, an iron, sewing machines, overalls, a tape recorder and cards for performing physical exercises.
During the classes .
I Organizing time .
1. Psychological attitude to work in the classroom. Mutual greeting.
The long-awaited bell rang!
It's time to start the lesson!
Hello guys! Today our lesson is attended by guests, so we must demonstrate with you our knowledge and skills, skill and organization. Let's make our lesson bright and memorable.
2. Checking the readiness of students for the lesson.
Officer, is the class ready for the lesson?
II Repetition of the passed material.
1. Questions to review.
- Guys, let's remember what topic we worked on in the last lesson.
(the topic of the last lesson "Pillowcase with a valve").
- What types of products are bed linen?
(bed linen includes sheets, duvet covers, pillowcases)
- What fabrics are used for sewing pillowcases? Show on samples .
(cotton is used for sewing: chintz, calico, satin)
- What properties do cotton fabrics have?
(cotton fabrics are lightweight, durable, absorb moisture, dry quickly, tolerate soapy water and high fever when ironing and boiling)
- What sizes are pillowcases and what do they depend on ?
(the size of the pillowcase depends on the size of the pillow, the sizes can be: 60 X60, 65 X65, 70 X70, 75 X75)
- What seams are used when sewing a pillowcase?
(when sewing, a seam is used in the hem with a closed cut, they are processed with transverse cuts, and a double seam when processing the sides)
- How many parts are there in a pillowcase?
(the pillowcase consists of 1 part: pillowcase with a valve, the length of the valve is at least 25 cm.)
Well done guys, you did a good job of reviewing the material covered.
2. Analysis of homework check.
III Communication of the topic and objectives of the lesson .
The topic of our lesson"Sewing pillowcases with operational division of labor."
We have already performed tailoring of pillowcases individually, and today we will carry out sewing with an operational division of labor, learn to plan our work, divide sewing into operations, compare sewing methods.
IV Learning new material.
1. Explanation of the material by the teacher .
Many of you, after graduating from school, can go to study as a seamstress, and while working in a garment factory, sewing is performed step by step. What is the operational division of labor?
In a garment factory, clothes are made in a continuous flow method. All sewing is divided into a large number of small operations, one after the other. Each operation is performed by one person, sewing in his work number. The movement of semi-finished products is produced by a conveyor - this is a moving belt. By the end of the thread, the sewing of the product ends. At the end of the conveyor is the workplace of the QCD inspector (department technical control). The inspector checks the quality of the product and if he finds a defect, then he brings the product to the work number of the seamstress to correct the defect.
2. Work with the sewing plan. Collective conversation.
How can we break down sewing into small operations?
Let's remember where we start sewing pillowcases?
(students' answers: we start the work by processing cross-sections with a seam in a hem with a closed cut).
That's right, this is the first operation.
(mark the length of the valve, lay it in and pin it with pins).
This is the second stage of the operation.
What is the next stage of work.
(turn the product out and check the quality)
That's right, this is the fourth stage. What's next?
(wet heat and fold as standard)
Well done, this is the fifth operation.
3. Conclusion.
Working with the operational division of labor, the seamstress develops a speed up to automatism, therefore, labor productivity, quality, and, accordingly, the seamstress's salary increase.
4. Vocabulary work.
Guys, while working, we met new words:
Operational division of labor sewing the product is broken down into small operations.
Semifinished- not sewn to the end product.
Conveyor- tape that moves the product.
Marriage- poorly performed work.
OTK controller the person who is responsible for the quality of the product.
Pronunciation, explanation of the meaning of words and writing them down in a notebook.
V Securing the material .
1. Work on issues.
Guys, let's remember what is the operational division of labor?
(the operational division of labor is when sewing is broken down into many small operations).
Why should a seamstress sew quickly and efficiently?
(the seamstress must sew quickly and efficiently, because the work of others depends on her work)
Who monitors the quality of tailoring?
(the quality is monitored by the quality control department inspector. He determines the defect by the work number of the seamstress, if there is one, he returns the product to eliminate the defect)
Think about when you can fix the marriage?
(the marriage can be corrected in free time or when the next worker is provided with a job)
2. Game task "The fastest and most skilled."
Guys, now I propose to play a little. The task is called "The fastest and most skilled." I will call 2 people. Their task will be to quickly and correctly arrange the sequence of stages of the operation.
Let's get started. And the rest follow closely and at the end correct mistakes, if any.
3. Physical minutes.
VI Practical work.
1. Repetition of the rules of safe work.
Guys, I'm going to ask riddles now, and, having guessed it, tell us about the rules of safe working with this tool.
Our mother is a needle
The line led across the field.
Line to line, line to line
There will be a dress for your daughter.
(sewing machine)
The whole world is sheathed
What he sews, he does not wear.
(needle)
Back and forth
The steamer walks and wanders.
Stop-grief!
Make holes in the sea!
(iron)
Two rings, two ends
In the middle there is a carnation.
( scissors)
2. Distribution of operations among students.
3. Put on a work uniform.
Performance practical work under the supervision of the teacher.
4 ... Analysis of practical activities.
Vii Homework.
Repeat the sewing plan for the pillowcase.
VIII Lesson summary.
What topic did we study?
(we studied the step-by-step sewing of a pillowcase with a valve)
What is the advantage of this tailoring over individual tailoring?
(with step-by-step sewing, speed develops, the quality of the product improves, and the production rate rises)
How to understand the expression "fold the ironed product according to the standard"?
(this means to fold correctly: by connecting the lobe cuts and fold in three so that the product has marketable condition)
Well done, guys, you have mastered the material well, have worked fruitfully.
Assessment of student work.
Thank you for the attention. All the best.
The purpose of the lesson: To teach the techniques of manufacturing products in an industrial way.Tasks:
1.educational:
- to familiarize students and provide information about the operational division of labor
- to develop quality and speed indicators when performing
a certain operation;
- to consolidate the skill of performing a hem seam with a closed cut;
- to consolidate the skill of performing an assignment according to a product sample;
- to teach the independent application of knowledge on the topic.
2.correctional and developmental:
- develop visual and eye control;
- develop coherent oral speech when analyzing the work performed
using special terminology;
- develop fine motor skills of the fingers when performing
- operations;
3. educational:
- to educate independence and accuracy when completing the assignment;
- foster a sense of collectivism and comradely
mutual assistance, mutual assistance.
Material and technical equipment: training workshop equipment, tools, product sample (towel).
Lesson type: combined.
During the classes.
1. Organizational moment.
Submission of the report;
checking the readiness of students for the lesson.
2. Introductory briefing.
Lesson topic message.
Today's lesson is a lesson in practical revision. And as you know, in these lessons we fulfill the orders of the school. We received an order of the following nature: our task is to sew a fabric tag in the form of a triangle on a towel. But before doing it, you need to remember everything we know about the towel:
3.Repeat:
1. What fabric is the towel made of?
(h.b., linen).
2.Why is the towel made of cotton and linen fabrics?
(absorb moisture well).
3.How many parts are there in the towel?
(one).
4. What shape can a towel have?
(rectangle).
5. What cuts does the towel have?
(transverse, lobe).
what seam are used to cut towel sections?
(hem seam with closed cut).
Very soon you will be faced with the task of choosing a profession.
Some of you may think that you do not need this lesson. Because you will not be a seamstress.
But in life, everyone will benefit from the knowledge you have gained, at least when processing small details.
You must know where to order the product you need.
According to the topics covered, we know that there is mass and individual tailoring.
What enterprises carry out mass tailoring of products?
Mass tailoring of products is carried out at large sewing enterprises.
What enterprises are engaged in the individual production of clothing?
Ateliers and sewing workshops of the household service are engaged in individual sewing and repair of clothes of the population.
What is the difference between mass tailoring and individual tailoring?
For mass sewing, products of the same style are sewn in large batches, and for individual sewing the style is chosen by the customer, measurements are taken from the customer, the product is sewn with fittings.
In the case of mass tailoring, the products are cut according to the patterns, and in the case of individual tailoring, the pattern is made according to the customer's measurements.
What is the operational division of labor?
Operational division of labor is when a seamstress performs one technological operation.
4. Working with cards.
It is necessary to assemble a sewing scheme for the product for mass and individual sewing.
Mass tailoring.
Individual tailoring.
Cut out the details of the product according to the patterns.
Connecting parts by notches.
Building a pattern.
Preparation of the product for fitting.
One or two fittings.
Correction of defects after fitting.
Are there any similarities between them?
Both factories and ateliers are engaged in sewing clothes.
5. Presentation of new material.
The teacher offers to consider a sample of the product. Students determine which seam the towel cuts are cut and where to sew the prepared basting piece. The teacher says that for processing the sections, a hemmed seam with a closed cut is used. The teacher announces that today we will work by operational division of labor.
Analysis according to the instruction card of the technology sewing the prepared part into ready product.
1. Cut a square from the fabric 7 by 7 cm.
2. Iron the square by folding it diagonally twice, giving it the shape of a triangle.
3. Basting the prefabricated mark part
4. Sew on the hem
5. Remove blur, fold
Imagine that our workshop is one of the workshops of a garment factory, where each seamstress-minder performs a certain operation for sewing a product. (The teacher distributes the types of operations between the members of the team.) We have one team, each team has its own foreman who is responsible for the quality and quantity of manufactured products. But the implementation of all the work depends on each of you, on what responsibility you will treat the case entrusted to you.
6. Physical culture for a minute.
Students complete exercises with the words:
We girls can do everything: draw, sew, draw, glue.
To us, friends, hurry boldly, there will always be business here.
7.Practical work. Sew a triangle-shaped fabric tag onto the towel.
Before work, we will repeat the rules of safe work with a needle, scissors, a sewing machine and an electric iron.
Control over the performance of work.
Providing individual assistance.
Assessment of practical work.
Consolidation of the passed topic.
8. Lesson summary.
Analysis of works.
Grading.
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